Wed., 9/4

Do Now—Exercise 7C:

Use Timeline 9 on p. 69 and Timeline 12 on p. 94 to complete the Timeline in Exercise 7C. Include all of the information from both timelines. Use numbers instead of Roman numerals for the Dynasties. Write “Khufu / Cheops” for Khufu. Model answer:

MESOPOTAMIA EGYPT

Uruk period (4000-3200 BC) Naqada period (4000-3200 BC)

Jamdat Nasr period (3200-2900)

Atab Archaic period(3100-2686)

Etanah Dynasty 1 (3100-2890)

Balih Menes (Narmer)

Early Dynastic I (2900-2800)

Dynasty 2 (2890-2696)

Early Dyanstic II (2800-2600)

Old Kingdom (2696-2181)

Gilgamesh Dynasty 3 (2686-2613)

Early Dynastic III (2600-2350) Dynasty 4 (2613-2498)

Snefru

Lugalannemundu (c. 2500) Khufu / Cheops

Mesilim

Lugalzaggesi Urukagina

(Umma) (Lagash)

Exercise 7D:

Read p. 78, ¶ 1 – p. 79, ¶ 4. Then read and and answer the following in two to three complete sentences each. Write your own answers and check them against the Model answers OR write the Model answers verbatim:

1) Compare and contrast the Sumerian ziggurat and the Egyptian step pyramid, emphasizing the function of each and which probably influenced the other. (see esp. p. 80, ¶ 2 – 3). Model answer:

Through trade, the Sumerian ziggurat probably influenced the design of the Egyptian step pyramid. Ziggurats were temples to the gods on which priests performed sacrifices. Step pyramids, however, were tombs for pharaohs that showed off their status and power.

2) Why is the Bent Pyramid bent? (see esp. p. 82, ¶ 8 – p. 83, ¶ 1). Model answer:

The Bent Pyramid is bent because Snefru’s architect made the original angle too steep. Halfway through the project, they changed the angle to avoid collapsing the entire structure, which resulted in the strange bend.

3) According to Herodotus, how was the 481 foot tall Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops) built? (see esp. p. 86, ¶ 5 – p. 87, ¶ 2). Model answer:

According to Herodotus, ramps were constructed to build the Great Pyramid of Khufu (also known as Cheops). Workers rolled the stone blocks up the ramps using papyrus rope and dolomite rollers.