Fri., 11/1

Draw the object in pictured below on a blank piece of paper. Next to / around your drawing, write down everything you can observe about this object and what it can tell us about Egyptian history. There is additional information (Pillar Imagery from the ANE), below.

Exercise 17D (complete as HW; this will be your entry ticket on Monday): In five or more complete sentences, summarize the reunification of Egypt in the New Kingdom and the conquest of Canaan. We have read three chapters – 23, 27, and 28 – and two primary sources – The Quarrel of Apophis and Seknenre and The Poetical Stela of Thutmose III. This portion of the exercise is your opportunity to showcase what you have learned. ENJOY summarizing your understanding. This portion of the exercise is like a sketch. You are building a bridge towards understanding and will be met half way.Include timeframes and underline the following fifteen things in your answer: Dynasty 17 Thebes Nubians Hyksos Kahmose Ahhotep Ahmose Canaan Sharuhen Dynasty 18 New Kingdom Hatshepsut Thutmose III Carchemish Euphrates Use additional lined paper if necessary and staple it to your field notes. ============================ Additional info.: Pillar Imagery from the ANE: Hebrew Text The heavens and earth are said to have pillars that uphold them. The same Hebrew word for pillars ydwmu is used for both the heavens and the earth. Job 26:11 says, "The pillars of heaven tremble, and are astonished at his reproof." The Hebrew word for "pillar" is ydwmu. This word is used to describe the supports of a house in Judges 16:25-26, the pillars of the tabernacle in Exodus 27:10-11, and the pillars in Solomon’s palace in I Kings 7:2-3. It is also used poetically of wisdom’s house in Proverbs 9:1. Egyptian Literature There are a number of places in Egyptian literature that mention the four pillars of heaven that hold up the sky. In The Poetical Stela of Thutmose III it says, "I shall establish your power and the awe of you in all the nations, And the fear of you shall extend to the four pillars of heaven" (p. 352, line 3-4). In the Asiatic Campaigns of Thutmose III we read, "His southern frontier is to the horns of the earth, to the southern limit of this land; (his) northern to the marshes of Asia, to the supporting pillars of heaven" (ANET, 240). In the Asiatic Campaigning of Ramses II it says, "I rise like the sun disc and shine like Re, as the heaven is firm upon its supports" (ANET, 257). These passages show the Egyptians believed that the sky was supported by four pillars that were at the end of the world. Probably, two pillars were in the East where the Sun-god emerged each day, and two pillars in the West where the Sun-god descended each night. These pillars might be the same as the twin mountains called Manu.

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